Different stains, different chemistry
Getting concrete genuinely clean means treating what is actually on it, and that is rarely just one thing.
- Oil and grease — alkaline degreaser with proper dwell time, agitated and flushed. Repeat applications on old stains.
- Rust — from reo, furniture, garden tools or bore water. Needs an oxalic or reducing treatment. Hydrochloric acid sets rust rather than removing it.
- Tannin and leaf stain — from overhanging gums and jacarandas. Alkaline chemistry, not acid.
- Mould, algae and lichen — biocide treatment, or the black returns within a season.
- Tyre marks and rubber — solvent-based treatment before pressure.
- Efflorescence and lime bloom — the white haze on newer slabs; a mild acid treatment, correctly neutralised.
